تحصیل‌زدگی و دستمزدها در بازار کار: شواهدی از داده‌های فردی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه شریف

2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه آدم اسمیت‌

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر، عرضه‌ی نیروی کار تحصیل‌کرده به بازار کار ایران افزایش چشم­گیری یافته و این تحول سبب بروز مازاد تحصیلات شده است. عبارت مازاد تحصیلات به این مفهوم است که فرد، دارای تحصیلاتی بیشتر از آن مقداری است که شغل وی به آن نیاز دارد. در این پژوهش میزان شیوع و اثر این پدیده بر دستمزد نیروی کار در ایران بررسی می‌شود. تعداد سال‌های تحصیل موردنیاز برای انجام هر شغل، با استفاده از معیار تطبیق تحقق‌ یافته، تعیین‌شده و افراد در سه گروه دارای تحصیلات متناسب، دارای مازاد تحصیلات و دارای کسری تحصیلات، طبقه‌بندی می‌شوند. سال‌های تحصیل بیشتر، تجربه‌ی کاری کمتر، مرد بودن و اشتغال در بخش خصوصی، منجر به افزایش احتمال دارای مازاد تحصیلات بودن می‌شوند. اثر دستمزدی رابطه‌ی بین تحصیلات و شغل افراد، با استفاده از روش دانکن و هافمن بررسی می‌شود. نتایج حاصل از روش دانکن و هافمن، حاکی از وجود رابطه‌ی مستقیم و معنادار میان سال‌های تحصیل متناسب برای انجام هر شغل و دریافتی ماهیانه افراد است؛ درحالی‌که بازدهی سال‌های مازاد و کسری تحصیلات، معنادار نیست.
طبقه‌بندی  JEL: I21 ,J24

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Over-Education and Wages in the Labour Market: Evidence from Iran's Micro-Data

نویسندگان [English]

  • gholamreza keshavarz 1
  • Mohammadamin Javaheri 2
1 Associate Professor, Graduate School of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology
2 Postgraduate student at Adam Smith Business School- University of Glasgow, Berlin School of Economics and Law The University of Glasgow United Kingdom
چکیده [English]

Over the recent past years the supply of educated labor has increased in the Iranian labor market. This change has led to over-education. The concepts of over-education refers to the individual possesses a level of education that is above the required level of education to perform a certain job. This study has dealt with the incidence of Over-education and its wage consequences in the labor market of Iran. The years of education needed for each job has been determined using two criteria, i.e., realized match and job analysis. Based on these two criteria, individuals have been classified in three groups including adequately educated, over-educated and under-educated. More years of schooling, less job experience, being male and employment in private sector lead to higher probability of being overeducated. The wage effect of the relationship between education and the individual’s job is studied using Duncan & Hoffman model. The findings of this model based on  realized match criterion show that there is a direct and significant relationship between the years of education which  is adequate for each job and monthly salary of the individuals. However, the return of years of over-education and under-education is insignificant.
JEL Classification: J24, I21.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Years of Schooling
  • Miss-match
  • Over-education
  • earnings
  • Mincer Wage Equation

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 آذر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 اسفند 1395

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