The Impact of Knowledge Components on Employment

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Economics, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Al-Zahra University (S).

2 Department of Economics, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/jte.2026.399518.1009021

Abstract

Employment, as one of the fundamental foundations of economic and social development, plays a vital role in improving the level of general welfare, reducing poverty, and strengthening socio-political stability. However, in recent years, rapid technological developments and structural changes in the global economy have created obstacles to the creation of sustainable job opportunities. These developments have highlighted the need for a deeper examination of the factors affecting employment. The present study, using a knowledge-based approach, examines the impact of knowledge components on employment in selected developed and developing countries during the period 2011-2022. The results of the study show that the role of knowledge, especially in the form of innovation, technology transfer, and improving labor productivity, has a significant impact on promoting employment. Comparative studies between countries highlight the importance of targeted policymaking and investment in knowledge-based areas. The findings show that the estimated coefficient of the variables of domestic R&D accumulation, foreign R&D spillovers, and physical capital are positive in the selected developed and developing countries, but the estimated coefficient of the physical capital variable is insignificant for the selected developing countries and the estimated coefficient of foreign R&D spillovers in both groups of countries studied. Also, the estimated coefficient of the economic freedom variable is negative and significant for the selected developing countries and positive and significant for the selected developed countries.

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Journal of Economic Research (Tahghighat- E- Eghtesadi)

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 02 January 2026

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History

  • Receive Date: 27 July 2025
  • Revise Date: 23 December 2025
  • Accept Date: 02 January 2026

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