Journal of Economic Research (Tahghighat- E- Eghtesadi)

Journal of Economic Research (Tahghighat- E- Eghtesadi)

The Evaluation of the Optimal Model of the Gas Chain Financial Relationship

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Mostafa Akbari
Farhad Rahbar
Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
10.22059/jte.2026.394474.1009003
Abstract
This study aims to examine the optimal financial relationship model between the National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC) and the government. It begins by outlining the current financial relationship and the structure of the gas value chain, followed by an analysis of existing challenges. The study also reviews potential financial models and relevant financial instruments. Despite Iran ranking second globally in conventional natural gas reserves and third in natural gas production, the country has not utilized this natural resource efficiently. Energy intensity in Iran is significantly higher than the global average, and given that natural gas constitutes 70% of the national energy mix, it plays a major role in this inefficiency. Additionally, the existing gas supply-demand imbalance highlights the urgent need for policy reforms and improved efficiency. The current financial structure within the gas value chain suffers from ambiguities, inefficiencies, and structural weaknesses, leading to misallocation of resources and extensive subsidies throughout the chain. The financial relationship model is a key driver of stakeholder behavior, influencing policies and strategic decisions. To address these issues and promote more disciplined financial relations—while creating the groundwork for gas consumption optimization—three model options and six evaluation criteria were identified through a review of the literature and expert consultation. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the options were scored and ultimately ranked to determine the most suitable financial model.
Keywords
efficiency
financial relationship
gas value chain
government fiscal discipline.
Subjects
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  • Receive Date 05 May 2025
  • Revise Date 27 February 2026
  • Accept Date 20 June 2026