تحلیل رقابت‌پذیری در صنعت بیمه ایران با استفاده از مدل پانزار-راس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه پژوهشی عمومی بیمه، پژوهشکده بیمه، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه آموزشی مدیریت بانک، بیمه و گمرک، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

صنعت بیمه طی سالیان اخیر دچار تحولات عمیقی شده که عملکرد این صنعت را متحول کرده است. تاسیس تعداد قابل ملاحظه ای از شرکت‎های بیمه‌ خصوصی و ورود آن‌ها به صحنه رقابت، از طرفی باعث کاهش تمرکز بازار در این صنعت شده و از طرف دیگر، ورود فناوری‌های نوین در سال‌های اخیر فضا را برای رقابت مهیا کرده و شرکت‌ها را مجبور به افزایش کارایی خودشان کرده است. با توجه به اهمیت رقابت در یک صنعت و همچنین آگاهی از وضعیت آن برای سیاست‎گذاری، این مطالعه به بررسی رقابت‎پذیری شرکت‎های بیمه خصوصی ایرانیِ پذیرفته شده در بورس طی سال‌های 1392 تا 1400 با استفاده از روش غیر ساختاری پانزار-راس و در قالب پانل دیتا می‏پردازد. نتایج برآورد مدل، نشان‌دهنده وضعیت رقابت انحصاری در بازار شرکت‌های بیمه خصوصی بورسی ایران می‌باشد. مقایسه نتایج این تحقیق با مطالعات قبلی، فرض بهبود رقابت ‎پذیری در صنعت بیمه ایران با افزایش تعداد شرکت‎های بیمه خصوصی و همچنین با توجه به رتبه حق بیمه تولیدی صنعت بیمه در جهان تایید می‌شود. نتایج حاکی از آن است که صنعت موانعی برای ورود به بازار ندارد و مشارکت شرکت‌های بیمه بزرگ (به جز شرکت بیمه ایران) در بازار، باعث محدود شدن رقابت به طور معنی ‎داری نشده و در نتیجه، فرض وجود بنگاه مسلط رد می‌شود. ضمن اینکه، شرکت‌های بیمه برای حفظ بقا و رقابت در بازار، به سمت فعالیت تخصصی و تمرکز بر بیمه‌های خاص حرکت کرده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Analysis of Competitiveness in Iran's Insurance Industry Using the Panzar-Rosse Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leili Niakan 1
  • Navid Amini 2
  • Towhid Firoozan Sarnaghi 3
1 General Insurance Group, Insurance Research Center, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Insurance, Banking and Customs Management, Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, insurance industry has undergone profound changes that have changed the performance of this industry. Establishment of a significant number of private insurance companies and their entry into the competition scene, on the one hand, has reduced the concentration of the market in this industry, and on the other hand, the introduction of new technologies in recent years has created space for competition and forced companies to increase their efficiency. Considering the importance of competition in an industry as well as knowledge of its situation for policymaking, this study examines the competitiveness of Iranian private insurance companies admitted to the stock market, from 2013 to 2021 using Panzar-Rosse non-structural method in the form of panel data. The result of estimated model indicates the state of monopoly competition in the market for Iranian private insurance companies admitted to the Stock Exchange. Comparing the results of this study with previous studies, the assumption of improving competitiveness in the Iranian insurance industry is confirmed by increasing the number of private insurance companies as well as the rating of produced insurance premium in the world. The insurance industry has no barriers to the market entry, and the participation of large insurance companies (except Iran Insurance Company) in the market does not restrict competition significantly and, as a result, the assumption of a dominant firm is rejected. In addition, insurance companies have moved to specialized activity and focus on specific insurance to maintain survival and competition in the market

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Competitiveness
  • Long-run Equilibrium
  • Market Structure
  • Panzar-Rosse Model
  • Panel Data
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