نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound and gender-differentiated impacts on labor markets worldwide, with mothers being among the most affected groups. Given the central role of women in caregiving, understanding how their working hours were influenced by the pandemic is particularly crucial in developing countries such as Iran. This study examines the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak on the working hours of mothers in Iran using panel data extracted from the Iranian Labour Force Survey conducted by the Statistical Centre of Iran between 2015 and 2020. The dataset includes employment characteristics of urban and rural households, covering both employed and unemployed individuals. To identify causal effects, we applied the Difference-in-Differences and Triple Differences estimation strategies. The results show that in urban areas, mothers with children aged 6 to 17 experienced the largest relative decline in working hours compared to men during the first summer following the pandemic outbreak. Although this gap narrowed toward the end of the year, it remained statistically significant. In rural areas, a decline in mothers’ working hours was observed from spring 2020, persisting through the end of that year. Furthermore, in dual-parent households where both parents were employed and likely shared childcare responsibilities, the reduction in working hours for mothers was more pronounced relative to men. These findings highlight the persistent and unequal labor market consequences of the pandemic for mothers.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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