شکوفایی انسانی و کارایی فنی: شواهدی از پانل دیتا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان

2 استاد اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد دانشگاه اصفهان

3 دانشیار آمار دانشکده ریاضی و آمار دانشگاه اصفهان

4 دانشیار اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

بر اساس دیدگاه جیمز هکمن توسعه انسانی، توسعه اقتصادی است، به این معنا که  پرورش انسان‌هایی شکوفا و توانمند از کانال پرورش مهارت‌های با ارزش تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلف (محیط، مدرسه و سرمایه‌گذاری والدین)، منجر به کاهش نابرابری، افزایش بهره‌وری اقتصادی و ظرفیت تولید می‌گردد. انباشت این مهارت‌ها در بزرگسالی، سبب ‌دستاورد‌های مختلفی می‌شود که هکمن و کوربین (۲۰۱۶) آن را شکوفایی انسانی می‌نامند، لذا شاخصی با عنوان شاخص شکوفایی انسانی (HFI) برای اولین بار در این مطالعه مطرح و محاسبه می‌گردد.
بر این اساس، مطالعه حاضر با برقراری پیوندی بین تئوری هکمن و تحلیل کارایی از طریق وارد کردن HFI به‌عنوان پروکسی از سرمایه انسانی در تابع تولید و بهره­گیری  از مدل تحلیل مرزی تصادفی (SFA) باتیس و کوئلی (1993؛1995)؛ به بررسی کارایی فنی تولید گروه کشور منتخب و شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر آن در بازه زمانی 2017-2003 میلادی می‌پردازد.
برآورد تابع تولید مرزی و مدل اثرات ناکارایی حاکی از اثر مثبت و معنادار HFI بر تولید سرانه گروه کشور مورد بررسی و چهار عامل سن رسمی ورود به آموزش پیش دبستانی، نسبت دانش آموز- معلم (پیش دبستانی)، درصد ثبت‌نام در آموزش ابتدایی در مؤسسات خصوصی و نسبت ثبت‌نام ناخالص (متوسطه) بر کارایی فنی تولید است. هم‌چنین نتایج حاکی از روند افزایشی HFI و کارایی فنی گروه کشور منتخب در طول دوره می‌باشد.
طبقه‌بندی JEL: C12; C23; J24; O15

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Human Flourishing and Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Panel Data

نویسندگان [English]

  • zahra montazeri 1
  • Mohsen Renani 2
  • Iraj Kazemi 3
  • Alimorad Sharifi 4
1 Ph.D Student in Economics, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University, of Isfahan Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor of Economics, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan , Isfahan, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Isfahan , Isfahan, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Economics, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

According to James Heckman, human development is economic development. This means that nurturing flourish and capable human beings through the channel of fostering valuable skills under the influence of various factors (environment, school, and parental investment) lead to reducing inequality, increasing economic productivity, and production capacity. The stock of these skills in adulthood leads to the various outcomes that Heckman and Corbin (2016) call human flourishing. Therefore, an index called the Human Flourishing Index (HFI) is proposed and calculated for the first time in this study.
Accordingly, the present study establishes a link between Heckman's theory and efficiency analysis by inserting HFI as a proxy of human capital in the production function, and by using the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) model of Battese and Coelli (1993; 1995); examines the technical efficiency of the production of the selected countries group and identifies the factors affecting it in the period of 2003-2017.
Estimation of a frontier production function and the inefficiency effects model indicate a positive and significant effect of HFI on the per capita production of the selected countries group and four factors of official entrance age to pre-primary education, pupil-teacher ratio (pre-primary), percentage of enrolment in primary education in private institutions and gross enrolment ratio (secondary) on the technical efficiency of production. The results also indicate the increasing trend of HFI and technical efficiency of the selected countries group during the period.
JEL Classification: C12; C23; J24; O15

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Human Flourishing Index
  • Inefficiency Effects
  • Panel Data
  • Technical efficiency

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 آذر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 آذر 1399

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